Design a Gaming Leaderboard (DynamoDB)

Design a DynamoDB schema for a real-time gaming leaderboard system that handles global and regional rankings.

Functional Requirements

• Track player scores across multiple games/modes
• Global leaderboards and regional/friend leaderboards
• Real-time score updates and ranking
• Historical leaderboards (daily, weekly, all-time)
• Player profiles and statistics
• Achievements and badges

Non-Functional Requirements

• Sub-millisecond read latency for rankings
• Handle millions of concurrent players
• Support thousands of score updates per second
• Cost-efficient for read-heavy workloads

Questions to Consider

• How do you design partition and sort keys for leaderboard queries?
• What strategy enables efficient rank calculation?
• How do you handle hot partitions from popular games?